The BookThe Representative Actions Directive 2020/1828 (RAD) marks a new era of collective redress in Europe, requiring the 27 EU Member States to introduce representative actions, both for injunctive measures and for redress measures. Despite the aim of the RAD to create a level playing field for businesses and ensure a high level of consumer protection throughout the EU, national rules on collective redress will continue to take many different forms. The handbook provides clarity on the appli ...